QueryException: SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation

The "QueryException: SQLSTATE[23000]: Integrity constraint violation" error in PHP is typically thrown when your SQL query violates one of the integrity constraints of your database schema. This could be due to a variety of reasons, such as attempting to insert a duplicate value into a unique column, trying to insert a null into a column that doesn't allow nulls, or violating a foreign key constraint. It's recommended to check the specific error message details and your database schema to identify and fix the problem.

Example, when the ID column is primary key:

INSERT INTO table (id, name) values (1, 'John');
INSERT INTO table (id, name) values (1, 'Alex');
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